Invalid Literal For Int() With Base 10

Introduction

The error “invalid literal for int() with base 10” typically occurs in Python when you attempt to convert a string to an integer, but the string is not a valid integer representation.

What is this error?

This error is raised by Python when the int() function receives a string that does not represent a valid integer in base 10. Base 10, or decimal, is the standard numbering system that uses digits from 0 to 9.

Reason for this error

The int() function is used to convert a string or another number type into an integer. If the input string contains characters that are not digits (like letters or special characters) or if it is formatted incorrectly, Python will raise this error.

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Issues for this “invalid literal for int() with base 10”

• Non-Numeric Characters: The string contains characters other than digits, e.g., ‘123abc’ or ‘12.34’.
• Empty String: The string is empty, e.g., ”.
• Leading/Trailing Spaces: The string has leading or trailing spaces that are not stripped, e.g., ‘ 123 ‘.
• Incorrect Format: The string includes symbols or formats that are not valid for integer conversion, e.g., ‘1,000’ or ‘$100’.

Troubleshooting of invalid literal for int() with base 10 (with code)

Here are some common troubleshooting steps with code examples:

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1. Check for Non-Numeric Characters

try:
    num = int('123abc')
except ValueError as e:
    print(f"Error: {e}")

• Handle Empty Strings

string = ''
if string:
    try:
        num = int(string)
    except ValueError as e:
        print(f"Error: {e}")
else:
    print("The string is empty.")

• Strip Leading/Trailing Spaces

string = ' 123 '
try:
    num = int(string.strip())
except ValueError as e:
    print(f"Error: {e}")

• Remove Non-Numeric Characters or Use Try-Except

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import re

string = '1,000'
# Remove non-digit characters
cleaned_string = re.sub(r'\D', '', string)
try:
    num = int(cleaned_string)
except ValueError as e:
    print(f"Error: {e}")

Conclusion

The “invalid literal for int() with base 10” error occurs when trying to convert a string to an integer and the string contains invalid characters or formatting. By ensuring that the input string is properly cleaned and formatted, and using try-except blocks to handle potential errors, you can effectively troubleshoot and resolve this issue.